Understanding Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
*Disclaimer this post is strictly informational and not meant to diagnose. If this is something you find you may be dealing with please seek the consultation of a medical professional.*
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that affects around 5.5% of menstruating individuals. It is characterized by significant emotional and physical symptoms that interfere with daily life and functioning. PMDD typically occurs in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, beginning after ovulation and improving with the onset of menstruation.
PMDD is suspected to be a hormone sensitivity disorder in the brain. Studies suggest among individuals with PMDD, brain circuits involved in emotional response may activate differently compared to those without the disorder.
Researchers at the National Institutes of Health in 2017 found women with PMDD are more sensitive to changes in the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone, which could be linked to a molecular mechanism in their genes.
I have constructed a concise outline of common symptoms for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, to help you in your journey.
Emotional Symptoms
Mood Swings: PMDD often leads to intense mood swings, ranging from irritability and anxiety to episodes of profound sadness or depression.
Anger and Tension: Individuals with PMDD may experience heightened levels of anger, irritability, and tension, leading to difficulties in interpersonal relationships.
Crying Spells: Unexplained and intense episodes of crying may occur, often disproportionate to the situation, reflecting the emotional volatility of PMDD.
Physical Symptoms
Fatigue: Persistent fatigue and low energy levels are common, contributing to an overall sense of lethargy and difficulty in performing routine activities.
Sleep Disturbances: PMDD can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to difficulties falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing restful sleep.
Appetite Changes: Individuals with PMDD may experience changes in appetite, including food cravings or aversions, which can contribute to fluctuations in weight.
Headaches and Joint Pain: Physical discomfort, such as headaches and joint pain, may be exacerbated during the luteal phase in individuals with PMDD.
Cognitive Symptoms
Difficulty Concentrating: PMDD can impair cognitive function, leading to difficulties concentrating and making decisions.
Forgetfulness: Some individuals may experience forgetfulness or mental fog, impacting memory and overall cognitive clarity.
Behavioral Changes
Social Withdrawal: PMDD may prompt individuals to withdraw from social activities due to the emotional and physical challenges they face.
Decreased Interest in Activities: A loss of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities is common during the luteal phase of PMDD.
In my experience the emotional symptoms were the big red flag. While I experienced all the symptoms listed above, all the others could be explained away due to other health issues I was experiencing. Anywhere from 1-14 days before my menses, it felt like someone else had taken over my emotions. I began to get so irritable, and then would have at least one crippling anxiety attack that would wipe me out for days afterwards.
If you have a sneaking suspicion that you may be dealing with this, I would highly suggest you start tracking your cycles (for at least 3 months) and what you experience. Either by using one of many apps available or simply charting symptoms and moods everyday in your planner. I enjoy analog so I include a section in my minimal bullet journal.
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of PMDD is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management. Seeking medical attention and exploring various treatment options, which can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals affected by PMDD.
When seeking help for PMDD, it's essential to consult with healthcare professionals. I had never even heard of PMDD until I set up an appointment with a psychiatrist to talk about my suspicion of having ADHD. You can read more about that experience in this blog post.
I manage my PMDD through a mix of medication and a holistic approach. After getting my diagnosis, I researched various treatment options. After consideration and reflection on my life up until this point I concluded that if something could take the extremeness away from my experience that it was worth a try and I could also move away from medication once I felt I was back in balance.
Resources for deeper understanding:
International Association for Premenstrual Disorders (IAPMD) is a global organization dedicated to supporting individuals with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and Premenstrual Exacerbation of underlying disorders (PME). They provide resources, information, and a supportive community for those affected by PMDD. The website includes educational materials, online forums, and access to trained peer support.
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) - PMDD Information The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, offers information about PMDD on their website. This resource provides an overview of PMDD, its symptoms, and available treatment options. It is a reliable source for evidence-based information on mental health disorders, including PMDD.
MyFibroTeam is an online social network and support community for individuals living with fibromyalgia. While primarily focused on fibromyalgia, the platform also includes discussions and support for related conditions such as PMDD. Members can connect with others facing similar challenges, share experiences, and gain insights into managing symptoms. It provides a supportive environment for those dealing with PMDD and seeking advice from individuals who have firsthand experience.
I would love to hear from you, have you heard of this disorder or do you live with it? If you feel comfortable please share in the comments below.
